Castiglion Fiorentino is an Etruscan settlement. The town saw its maximum development during the Middle Ages under the majestic Torre del Cassero, which still stands and characterizes the city today. The important artistic heritages are kept in the museums of the citadel of Cassero and in the museum of the Pieve di San Giuliano. Even today, there is a grand passion for artistry as there is for the green gold of these lands, which has given Castiglion Fiorentino the honor of being called the city of olive oil. Castiglion Fiorentino is also famous for its Palio, a fascinating horse-riding competition that involves the inhabitants of the town’s three districts and occurs annually on the third Sunday of June.